This problem seems to be a bit unique. I'm currently using a theme called "Arthemia" and it uses the timthumb.php script to automatically resize images into thumbnails to be shown on the main page. Mine do show up, but only after refreshing the page once. Images in the post itself (the permalink) are fine, but it's just that the thumbnails don't show up on the first load of the page. Link to the site is at the end of the post.
I've looked around for a bunch of solutions, but none have worked so far. Solutions have included:
Update timthumb.php to the newest version - this has only made things worse, since it wouldn't even generate the thumbnail at all, so I reverted back to my edited version that came with the theme
Set permissions for all related folders to whatever they need to be (according to the developer of the theme) - Images upload properly, show up in the permalinked post. Thumbnails on the main page only show after a refresh.
Followed pretty much every single "solution" that was posted on the developer's forum - none worked.
All of the solutions seemed to work for the people on the developer's forums, but have not worked for me.
I really don't know what I can do to fix this. I really want the thumbnails to just automatically load once you get to the page. I hope someone can help me.
http://thefederalistmosaic.zzl.org/