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Zymic Webmaster Forums > Web Design & Development > Server Side Scripting > PHP
Mark1591
Oct 27 2007, 09:20 PM
This error appears, along with the php content i have included.
It's not affecting my code, but it's making my pages look VERY ugly.
Can anyone please explain what's wrong? And possibly a solution.

I've looked at "/include/session.php on line 46" and i can't see any errors there.

Warning: session_start() [function.session-start]: Cannot send session cache limiter - headers already sent (output started at /www/zxq.net/w/a/r/warmondsniffers/htdocs/loginpage.php:15) in /www/zxq.net/w/a/r/warmondsniffers/htdocs/include/session.php on line 46


Thanks in advance
Tom
Oct 27 2007, 09:30 PM
You're outputting content before setting HTTP headers, give us the contents of both loginpage.php and session.php so we can correct your code please.
Mark1591
Oct 27 2007, 09:39 PM
loginpage.php

CODE
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<title>WarmondSniffers Members Page</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css.css" />
</head>

<body>


<div id="container">

<table class="main_table" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">

<tr>
<td width="12"><img src="images/image_01.gif" width="4" height="27" alt=""></td>
<td background="images/image_05.gif" width="8"><img src="images/spacer.gif" width="8" height="1"></td>
<td class="nav_left" onMouseOver="this.className='nav_over_left'" onMouseOut="this.className='nav_left'"><a href="index.php"><img src="images/home.gif" width="73" height="27" border="0"></a></td>
<td class="nav_this"><a href="page.php"><img src="images/about.gif" width="73" height="27" border="0" class="nav"></a></td>
<td class="nav" onMouseOver="this.className='nav_over'" onMouseOut="this.className='nav'"><img src="images/design.gif" width="73" height="27" border="0" class="nav_this"></td>
<td class="nav" onMouseOver="this.className='nav_over'" onMouseOut="this.className='nav'"><img src="images/links.gif" width="73" height="27"></td>
<td width="100%" align="center" background="images/image_05.gif" class="small_text">&nbsp;</td>
<td width="4"><img src="images/image_06.gif" width="4" height="27" alt=""></td>
</tr><tr>
<td colspan="1" height="15" width="4"><img src="images/image_09.gif"></td>
<td colspan="6" height="15" width="100%" background="images/image_11.gif"></td>
<td colspan="1" height="15" width="4"><img src="images/image_10.gif"></td>
</tr><tr>
<td colspan="1" height="109" width="4"><img src="images/image_12.gif"></td>
<td colspan="6" height="109" width="100%" background="images/image_13.gif" align="center">

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="98%">
<td width="2"><img src="images/image_19.gif"></td>
<td width="40%" background="images/image_20.gif" valign="middle" align="center"><img src="images/header.gif"></td>
<td width="2" background="images/image_20.gif"><img src="images/h-div.gif"></td>
<td width="60%" align="center" valign="top" background="images/image_20.gif" class="login_box">
<?php include "random_quote.php"; ?></td>
<td width="3"><img src="images/image_21.gif"></td>
</table></td>
<td colspan="1" height="109" width="4"><img src="images/image_14.gif"></td>
</tr><tr>
<td colspan="1" height="1" width="4"><img src="images/image_15.gif"></td>
<td colspan="6" height="1" width="100%" bgcolor="#495271"></td>
<td colspan="1" height="1" width="4"><img src="images/image_16.gif"></td>
</tr><tr>
<td colspan="1" height="1" width="4" background="images/image_17.gif"></td>
<td colspan="6" height="1" width="100%" bgcolor="#686D8B">
<img src="images/spacer.gif" height="2"><br>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="98%" align="center">
<tr>
<td><img src="images/image_22.gif"></td>
<td class="box_head">Login Please </td>
<td><img src="images/image_24.gif"></td>
</tr><tr>
<td colspan="3" class="box"><? include "protected.php" ?></td>
</tr>
</table>
<img src="images/spacer.gif" height="2"><br>
</td>
<td colspan="1" height="1" width="4" background="images/image_18.gif"></td>
</tr><tr>
<td colspan="1"><img src="images/image_25.gif"></td>
<td colspan="6" align="center" background="images/image_27.gif" class="small_text">Copyright &copy; warmondsniffers.nl <strong>||</strong> Site Design by: <a href="http://www.zymic.com">Zymic.com </a> </td>
<td colspan="1"><img src="images/image_26.gif"></td>
</tr>
</table>

</div>

</body>
</html>


session.php
CODE
<?
/**
* Session.php
*
* The Session class is meant to simplify the task of keeping
* track of logged in users and also guests.
*
* Written by: Jpmaster77 a.k.a. The Grandmaster of C++ (GMC)
* Last Updated: August 19, 2004
*/
include("database.php");
include("mailer.php");
include("form.php");

class Session
{
   var $username;     //Username given on sign-up
   var $userid;       //Random value generated on current login
   var $userlevel;    //The level to which the user pertains
   var $time;         //Time user was last active (page loaded)
   var $logged_in;    //True if user is logged in, false otherwise
   var $userinfo = array();  //The array holding all user info
   var $url;          //The page url current being viewed
   var $referrer;     //Last recorded site page viewed
   /**
    * Note: referrer should really only be considered the actual
    * page referrer in process.php, any other time it may be
    * inaccurate.
    */

   /* Class constructor */
   function Session(){
      $this->time = time();
      $this->startSession();
   }

   /**
    * startSession - Performs all the actions necessary to
    * initialize this session object. Tries to determine if the
    * the user has logged in already, and sets the variables
    * accordingly. Also takes advantage of this page load to
    * update the active visitors tables.
    */
   function startSession(){
      global $database;  //The database connection
      session_start();   //Tell PHP to start the session

      /* Determine if user is logged in */
      $this->logged_in = $this->checkLogin();

      /**
       * Set guest value to users not logged in, and update
       * active guests table accordingly.
       */
      if(!$this->logged_in){
         $this->username = $_SESSION['username'] = GUEST_NAME;
         $this->userlevel = GUEST_LEVEL;
         $database->addActiveGuest($_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'], $this->time);
      }
      /* Update users last active timestamp */
      else{
         $database->addActiveUser($this->username, $this->time);
      }
      
      /* Remove inactive visitors from database */
      $database->removeInactiveUsers();
      $database->removeInactiveGuests();
      
      /* Set referrer page */
      if(isset($_SESSION['url'])){
         $this->referrer = $_SESSION['url'];
      }else{
         $this->referrer = "/";
      }

      /* Set current url */
      $this->url = $_SESSION['url'] = $_SERVER['PHP_SELF'];
   }

   /**
    * checkLogin - Checks if the user has already previously
    * logged in, and a session with the user has already been
    * established. Also checks to see if user has been remembered.
    * If so, the database is queried to make sure of the user's
    * authenticity. Returns true if the user has logged in.
    */
   function checkLogin(){
      global $database;  //The database connection
      /* Check if user has been remembered */
      if(isset($_COOKIE['cookname']) && isset($_COOKIE['cookid'])){
         $this->username = $_SESSION['username'] = $_COOKIE['cookname'];
         $this->userid   = $_SESSION['userid']   = $_COOKIE['cookid'];
      }

      /* Username and userid have been set and not guest */
      if(isset($_SESSION['username']) && isset($_SESSION['userid']) &&
         $_SESSION['username'] != GUEST_NAME){
         /* Confirm that username and userid are valid */
         if($database->confirmUserID($_SESSION['username'], $_SESSION['userid']) != 0){
            /* Variables are incorrect, user not logged in */
            unset($_SESSION['username']);
            unset($_SESSION['userid']);
            return false;
         }

         /* User is logged in, set class variables */
         $this->userinfo  = $database->getUserInfo($_SESSION['username']);
         $this->username  = $this->userinfo['username'];
         $this->userid    = $this->userinfo['userid'];
         $this->userlevel = $this->userinfo['userlevel'];
         return true;
      }
      /* User not logged in */
      else{
         return false;
      }
   }

   /**
    * login - The user has submitted his username and password
    * through the login form, this function checks the authenticity
    * of that information in the database and creates the session.
    * Effectively logging in the user if all goes well.
    */
   function login($subuser, $subpass, $subremember){
      global $database, $form;  //The database and form object

      /* Username error checking */
      $field = "user";  //Use field name for username
      if(!$subuser || strlen($subuser = trim($subuser)) == 0){
         $form->setError($field, "* Username not entered");
      }
      else{
         /* Check if username is not alphanumeric */
         if(!eregi("^([0-9a-z])*$", $subuser)){
            $form->setError($field, "* Username not alphanumeric");
         }
      }

      /* Password error checking */
      $field = "pass";  //Use field name for password
      if(!$subpass){
         $form->setError($field, "* Password not entered");
      }
      
      /* Return if form errors exist */
      if($form->num_errors > 0){
         return false;
      }

      /* Checks that username is in database and password is correct */
      $subuser = stripslashes($subuser);
      $result = $database->confirmUserPass($subuser, md5($subpass));

      /* Check error codes */
      if($result == 1){
         $field = "user";
         $form->setError($field, "* Username not found");
      }
      else if($result == 2){
         $field = "pass";
         $form->setError($field, "* Invalid password");
      }
      
      /* Return if form errors exist */
      if($form->num_errors > 0){
         return false;
      }

      /* Username and password correct, register session variables */
      $this->userinfo  = $database->getUserInfo($subuser);
      $this->username  = $_SESSION['username'] = $this->userinfo['username'];
      $this->userid    = $_SESSION['userid']   = $this->generateRandID();
      $this->userlevel = $this->userinfo['userlevel'];
      
      /* Insert userid into database and update active users table */
      $database->updateUserField($this->username, "userid", $this->userid);
      $database->addActiveUser($this->username, $this->time);
      $database->removeActiveGuest($_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR']);

      /**
       * This is the cool part: the user has requested that we remember that
       * he's logged in, so we set two cookies. One to hold his username,
       * and one to hold his random value userid. It expires by the time
       * specified in constants.php. Now, next time he comes to our site, we will
       * log him in automatically, but only if he didn't log out before he left.
       */
      if($subremember){
         setcookie("cookname", $this->username, time()+COOKIE_EXPIRE, COOKIE_PATH);
         setcookie("cookid",   $this->userid,   time()+COOKIE_EXPIRE, COOKIE_PATH);
      }

      /* Login completed successfully */
      return true;
   }

   /**
    * logout - Gets called when the user wants to be logged out of the
    * website. It deletes any cookies that were stored on the users
    * computer as a result of him wanting to be remembered, and also
    * unsets session variables and demotes his user level to guest.
    */
   function logout(){
      global $database;  //The database connection
      /**
       * Delete cookies - the time must be in the past,
       * so just negate what you added when creating the
       * cookie.
       */
      if(isset($_COOKIE['cookname']) && isset($_COOKIE['cookid'])){
         setcookie("cookname", "", time()-COOKIE_EXPIRE, COOKIE_PATH);
         setcookie("cookid",   "", time()-COOKIE_EXPIRE, COOKIE_PATH);
      }

      /* Unset PHP session variables */
      unset($_SESSION['username']);
      unset($_SESSION['userid']);

      /* Reflect fact that user has logged out */
      $this->logged_in = false;
      
      /**
       * Remove from active users table and add to
       * active guests tables.
       */
      $database->removeActiveUser($this->username);
      $database->addActiveGuest($_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'], $this->time);
      
      /* Set user level to guest */
      $this->username  = GUEST_NAME;
      $this->userlevel = GUEST_LEVEL;
   }

   /**
    * register - Gets called when the user has just submitted the
    * registration form. Determines if there were any errors with
    * the entry fields, if so, it records the errors and returns
    * 1. If no errors were found, it registers the new user and
    * returns 0. Returns 2 if registration failed.
    */
   function register($subuser, $subpass, $subemail){
      global $database, $form, $mailer;  //The database, form and mailer object
      
      /* Username error checking */
      $field = "user";  //Use field name for username
      if(!$subuser || strlen($subuser = trim($subuser)) == 0){
         $form->setError($field, "* Username not entered");
      }
      else{
         /* Spruce up username, check length */
         $subuser = stripslashes($subuser);
         if(strlen($subuser) < 5){
            $form->setError($field, "* Username below 5 characters");
         }
         else if(strlen($subuser) > 30){
            $form->setError($field, "* Username above 30 characters");
         }
         /* Check if username is not alphanumeric */
         else if(!eregi("^([0-9a-z])+$", $subuser)){
            $form->setError($field, "* Username not alphanumeric");
         }
         /* Check if username is reserved */
         else if(strcasecmp($subuser, GUEST_NAME) == 0){
            $form->setError($field, "* Username reserved word");
         }
         /* Check if username is already in use */
         else if($database->usernameTaken($subuser)){
            $form->setError($field, "* Username already in use");
         }
         /* Check if username is banned */
         else if($database->usernameBanned($subuser)){
            $form->setError($field, "* Username banned");
         }
      }

      /* Password error checking */
      $field = "pass";  //Use field name for password
      if(!$subpass){
         $form->setError($field, "* Password not entered");
      }
      else{
         /* Spruce up password and check length*/
         $subpass = stripslashes($subpass);
         if(strlen($subpass) < 4){
            $form->setError($field, "* Password too short");
         }
         /* Check if password is not alphanumeric */
         else if(!eregi("^([0-9a-z])+$", ($subpass = trim($subpass)))){
            $form->setError($field, "* Password not alphanumeric");
         }
         /**
          * Note: I trimmed the password only after I checked the length
          * because if you fill the password field up with spaces
          * it looks like a lot more characters than 4, so it looks
          * kind of stupid to report "password too short".
          */
      }
      
      /* Email error checking */
      $field = "email";  //Use field name for email
      if(!$subemail || strlen($subemail = trim($subemail)) == 0){
         $form->setError($field, "* Email not entered");
      }
      else{
         /* Check if valid email address */
         $regex = "^[_+a-z0-9-]+(\.[_+a-z0-9-]+)*"
                 ."@[a-z0-9-]+(\.[a-z0-9-]{1,})*"
                 ."\.([a-z]{2,}){1}$";
         if(!eregi($regex,$subemail)){
            $form->setError($field, "* Email invalid");
         }
         $subemail = stripslashes($subemail);
      }

      /* Errors exist, have user correct them */
      if($form->num_errors > 0){
         return 1;  //Errors with form
      }
      /* No errors, add the new account to the */
      else{
         if($database->addNewUser($subuser, md5($subpass), $subemail)){
            if(EMAIL_WELCOME){
               $mailer->sendWelcome($subuser,$subemail,$subpass);
            }
            return 0;  //New user added succesfully
         }else{
            return 2;  //Registration attempt failed
         }
      }
   }
  
   /**
    * editAccount - Attempts to edit the user's account information
    * including the password, which it first makes sure is correct
    * if entered, if so and the new password is in the right
    * format, the change is made. All other fields are changed
    * automatically.
    */
   function editAccount($subcurpass, $subnewpass, $subemail){
      global $database, $form;  //The database and form object
      /* New password entered */
      if($subnewpass){
         /* Current Password error checking */
         $field = "curpass";  //Use field name for current password
         if(!$subcurpass){
            $form->setError($field, "* Current Password not entered");
         }
         else{
            /* Check if password too short or is not alphanumeric */
            $subcurpass = stripslashes($subcurpass);
            if(strlen($subcurpass) < 4 ||
               !eregi("^([0-9a-z])+$", ($subcurpass = trim($subcurpass)))){
               $form->setError($field, "* Current Password incorrect");
            }
            /* Password entered is incorrect */
            if($database->confirmUserPass($this->username,md5($subcurpass)) != 0){
               $form->setError($field, "* Current Password incorrect");
            }
         }
        
         /* New Password error checking */
         $field = "newpass";  //Use field name for new password
         /* Spruce up password and check length*/
         $subpass = stripslashes($subnewpass);
         if(strlen($subnewpass) < 4){
            $form->setError($field, "* New Password too short");
         }
         /* Check if password is not alphanumeric */
         else if(!eregi("^([0-9a-z])+$", ($subnewpass = trim($subnewpass)))){
            $form->setError($field, "* New Password not alphanumeric");
         }
      }
      /* Change password attempted */
      else if($subcurpass){
         /* New Password error reporting */
         $field = "newpass";  //Use field name for new password
         $form->setError($field, "* New Password not entered");
      }
      
      /* Email error checking */
      $field = "email";  //Use field name for email
      if($subemail && strlen($subemail = trim($subemail)) > 0){
         /* Check if valid email address */
         $regex = "^[_+a-z0-9-]+(\.[_+a-z0-9-]+)*"
                 ."@[a-z0-9-]+(\.[a-z0-9-]{1,})*"
                 ."\.([a-z]{2,}){1}$";
         if(!eregi($regex,$subemail)){
            $form->setError($field, "* Email invalid");
         }
         $subemail = stripslashes($subemail);
      }
      
      /* Errors exist, have user correct them */
      if($form->num_errors > 0){
         return false;  //Errors with form
      }
      
      /* Update password since there were no errors */
      if($subcurpass && $subnewpass){
         $database->updateUserField($this->username,"password",md5($subnewpass));
      }
      
      /* Change Email */
      if($subemail){
         $database->updateUserField($this->username,"email",$subemail);
      }
      
      /* Success! */
      return true;
   }
  
   /**
    * isAdmin - Returns true if currently logged in user is
    * an administrator, false otherwise.
    */
   function isAdmin(){
      return ($this->userlevel == ADMIN_LEVEL ||
              $this->username  == ADMIN_NAME);
   }
  
   /**
    * generateRandID - Generates a string made up of randomized
    * letters (lower and upper case) and digits and returns
    * the md5 hash of it to be used as a userid.
    */
   function generateRandID(){
      return md5($this->generateRandStr(16));
   }
  
   /**
    * generateRandStr - Generates a string made up of randomized
    * letters (lower and upper case) and digits, the length
    * is a specified parameter.
    */
   function generateRandStr($length){
      $randstr = "";
      for($i=0; $i<$length; $i++){
         $randnum = mt_rand(0,61);
         if($randnum < 10){
            $randstr .= chr($randnum+48);
         }else if($randnum < 36){
            $randstr .= chr($randnum+55);
         }else{
            $randstr .= chr($randnum+61);
         }
      }
      return $randstr;
   }
};


/**
* Initialize session object - This must be initialized before
* the form object because the form uses session variables,
* which cannot be accessed unless the session has started.
*/
$session = new Session;

/* Initialize form object */
$form = new Form;

?>


protected.php
CODE
<?
include("include/session.php");

if($session->logged_in){
  include "index.php";
}
else{
  include "not_logged.php";
}
?>
Tom
Oct 27 2007, 09:43 PM
Well there it is, you're outputting HTML before sending the headers. Include session.php BEFORE loginpage.php and it should work as intended.
Mark1591
Oct 27 2007, 09:49 PM
QUOTE(Tom @ Oct 27 2007, 09:43 PM) *
Well there it is, you're outputting HTML before sending the headers. Include session.php BEFORE loginpage.php and it should work as intended.

I don't understand.. I'm not including loginpage.php into anything. That's the page i am including "protected.php" in.


Okay, i think i've found the error, the error is in this script somewhere
CODE
<?
include("include/session.php");

if($session->logged_in){
  include "index.php";
}
else{
  include "not_logged.php";
}
?>
Tom
Oct 27 2007, 10:01 PM
loginpage.php is being called somewhere before session.php, and you need to sort that out.
Mark1591
Oct 27 2007, 10:07 PM
QUOTE(Tom @ Oct 27 2007, 10:01 PM) *
loginpage.php is being called somewhere before session.php, and you need to sort that out.

Thanks so much for your help, do you reckon the best idea would be to make a page that conducts protected.php then redirects to e.g "loggged_in.php" or "error_logging_in.php"?
Tom
Oct 27 2007, 10:27 PM
Which page is protected.php being called from?
eugene2k
Oct 29 2007, 05:54 PM
Here's what's going on in your code
1. The user accesses your loginpage.php
2. The html output begins and in the middle of it you <? include "protected.php" ?>
3. The php interpreter looks inside the file and sees another 'include' call, so it looks inside the session.php file in which you define a class and then instantiate it, thus calling its constructor.
4. Your constructor function calls session_start(), which tries to send a session cookie to the client, however php requires the headers (and thus cookies too) to be sent before the output begins.

Add <? include "include/session.php" ?> to the beginning of your loginpage.php and remove it from your protected.php
Tom
Oct 29 2007, 07:05 PM
Except don't use short tags, they kill babies.
Jordan Parker
Nov 7 2007, 04:41 PM
Don't ever include a page thats protected, thats what hackers dream of.
Try....

CODE
<?php
require("include/session.php");

if($session->logged_in){
?>
<!--Your html for when your logged in, here-->
<?php
}else{
?>
<!--Your html for when your not logged in, here-->
<?php
}
?>
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